camera equipment

CINEMAT, TV equipo de cámara m

1

2 n

GEN cámara f, cámara fotográfica f

торг. магазин фототоваров (фотоаппаратов, пленки для фотографирования и т. п.)

эк. тр., амер. специалисты по ремонту камер и фотооборудования* (по SOC: занимаются ремонтом и настройкой камер и фотографического оборудования, включая коммерческое видео и кинооборудование; входит в подраздел "специалисты по ремонту точных инструментов и оборудования" в разделе "профессии в сфере установки, содержания и ремонта")

эк. тр., амер. специалисты по ремонту точных инструментов и оборудования* (по SOC включают следующие группы профессий: "специалисты по ремонту камер и фотооборудования", "специалисты по ремонту медицинского оборудования", "специалисты по ремонту и настройке музыкальных инструментов", "часовщики"; входят в подраздел "прочие профессии в сфере установки, содержания и ремонта" в разделе "профессии в сфере установки, содержания и ремонта")

эк. тр., обр., амер. работники в сфере коммуникационного и медиа-оборудования* (по SOC включает следующие группы профессий: "специалисты по настройке звука и вещания и радиооператоры", "фотографы", "теле-, видео- и кинооператоры и редакторы"; входят в раздел "профессии в области искусства, дизайна, развлечений, спорта и средств массовой информации")

торг. магазин фототоваров, магазин оборудования для фотографии

1) Военный термин: ТВ камера и аппаратура управления

2) Техника: телевизионная камера и аппаратура управления

SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics

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Oskar Barnack was an optical engineer, introspective and in poor health, when in 1910 he was invited through the good offices of his friend the mechanical engineer Emil Mechau, who worked for Ernst Leitz, to join the company at Wetzlar to work on research into microscope design. He was engaged after a week's trial, and on 2 January 1911 he was put in charge of microscope research. He was an enthusiastic photographer, but excursions with his large and heavy plate camera equipment taxed his strength. In 1912, Mechau was working on a revolutionary film projector design and needed film to test it. Barnack suggested that it was not necessary to buy an expensive commercial machine— why not make one? Leitz agreed, and Barnack constructed a 35 mm movie camera, which he used to cover events in and around Wetzlar.

The exposure problems he encountered with the variable sensitivity of the cine film led him to consider the design of a still camera in which short lengths of film could be tested before shooting—a kind of exposure-meter camera. Dissatisfied with the poor picture quality of his first model, which took the standard cine frame of 18×24 mm, he built a new model in which the frame size was doubled to 36×24 mm. It used a simple focal-plane shutter adjustable to 1/500 of a second, and a Zeiss Milar lens of 42 mm focal length. This is what is now known as the UR-Leica. Using his new camera, 1/250 of the weight of his plate equipment, Barnack made many photographs around Wetzlar, giving postcard-sized prints of good quality.

Ernst Leitz Junior was lent the camera for his trip in June 1914 to America, where he was urged to put it into production. Visiting George Eastman in Rochester, Leitz passed on Barnack's requests for film of finer grain and better quality. The First World War put an end to the chances of developing the design at that time. As Germany emerged from the postwar chaos, Leitz Junior, then in charge of the firm, took Barnack off microscope work to design prototypes for a commercial model. Leitz's Chief Optician, Max Berek, designed a new lens, the f3.5 Elmax, for the new camera. They settled on the name Leica, and the first production models went on show at the Leipzig Spring Fair in 1925. By the end of the year, 1,000 cameras had been shipped, despite costing about two months' good wages.

The Leica camera established 35 mm still photography as a practical proposition, and film manufacturers began to create the special fine-grain films that Barnack had longed for. He continued to improve the design, and a succession of new Leica models appeared with new features, such as interchangeable lenses, coupled range-finders, 250 exposures. By the time of his sudden death in 1936, Barnack's life's work had forever transformed the nature of photography.

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1) (agreement) (written) accordo m., contratto m., convenzione f.; (verbal) intesa f.

2) cosmet. portacipria m.

1) (compressed) [snow, mass] compatto; [style, sentence] conciso

2) (neatly constructed) [kitchen, house] piccolo, compatto; [camera, equipment] compatto

verbo transitivo compattare [waste, soil, snow]

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- compact disc

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(form.) patto; accordo; convenzione; trattato

● by general compact, per consenso generale (o unanime).

1 compatto; denso; sodo

2 ( di oggetto, apparecchio) compatto; di dimensioni ridotte; piccolo

3 (rif. a corporatura, ecc.) piccolo, sodo e ben fatto

4 conciso; serrato; terso: a compact style, uno stile terso

5 (arc.) – compact of, composto di; costituito da; fatto di

● (fotogr.) compact camera, macchina fotografica compatta □ (autom. USA) compact car, utilitaria □ (mus., tecn.) compact disc, compact disc; CD □ compact disc player, lettore di compact disc; lettore CD.

1 (= powder compact) portacipria ( da borsetta)

2 compressa di cipria ( per ricambio)

3 ( USA, autom., = compact car) utilitaria

4 (fotogr., = compact camera) macchina fotografica compatta.

A v. t.

1 rendere compatto; pressare

2 (tecn. e sport) compattare

3 (costr. stradali) costipare ( il terreno)

4 comporre ( un tutto, di diverse parti)

5 condensare; compendiare

B v. i.

(tecn. e sport) compattarsi.

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1) (agreement) (written) accordo m., contratto m., convenzione f.; (verbal) intesa f.

2) cosmet. portacipria m.

1) (compressed) [snow, mass] compatto; [style, sentence] conciso

2) (neatly constructed) [kitchen, house] piccolo, compatto; [camera, equipment] compatto

verbo transitivo compattare [waste, soil, snow]

- bookbinding accessories

- camera equipment accessories

- money-making accessory

compact

A n

1 ( agreement) ( written) accord m, contrat m, convention f ; ( verbal) entente f ;

2 Cosmet poudrier m ;

3 US Aut (voiture f) compacte f, voiture f de faible encombrement.

B adj

1 ( compressed) [snow, mass] compact, dense ; [style, sentence] concis, ramassé ;

2 ( neatly constructed) [kitchen, house] sans espace perdu, compact ; [camera, equipment, kit] compact ; of compact build [man] râblé, trapu ; [woman] bien fait.

C vtr comprimer [waste, rubbish] ; tasser [soil, snow] ; compacter [data].

SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics

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The son of a distinguished Parisian instrument maker, Charles Chevalier supplied equipment to all the major photographic pioneers of the period. He sold a camera obscura to Niepce de St Victor as early as 1826 and was largely responsible for bringing Niepce de St Victor and Daguerre together. Chevalier was one of the first opticians to design lenses specifically for photographic use; the first photographic camera to be offered for sale to the public, the Giroux daguerreotype camera of 1839, was in fact fitted with a Chevalier achromatic lens. Chevalier also supplied lenses, equipment and examples of daguerreotypes to Talbot in England. In 1841 Chevalier was awarded first prize in a competition for the improvement of photographic lenses, sponsored by the Société d'Encouragement of Paris. Contemporary opinion, however, favoured the runner-up, the Petzval Portrait lens by Voigtländer of Vienna, and Chevalier subsequently became embroiled in an acrimonious dispute which did him little credit. It did not stop him designing lenses, and he went on to become an extremely successful supplier of quality daguerreotype equipment. He was a founder member of the Société Héliographique in 1851.

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Kamera f

■ Aufnahmegerät für Filmaufnahmen.

→ Hauptkamera, Tunnel-Kamera, 6-Meter Kamera, 16-Meter-Kamera, 20-Meter-Kamera, Mittellinie-Kamera, Beauty-Shot-Kamera, Reverse-Angle-Kamera, niedrige Kamera hinter den Toren, höher positionierte Kamera hinter den Toren

■ The equipment used to convert the optical image of a scene being televised into the corresponding electrical signals.

→ main camera, tunnel camera, six-metre camera, 16-metre camera, 20-metre camera, pitch-side halfway camera, beauty-shot camera, reverse-angle camera, low camera behind the goal, high camera behind the goal

SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics

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The young Eastman was a clerk-bookkeeper in the Rochester Savings Bank when in 1877 he took up photography. Taking lessons in the wet-plate process, he became an enthusiastic amateur photographer. However, the cumbersome equipment and noxious chemicals used in the process proved an obstacle, as he said, "It seemed to be that one ought to be able to carry less than a pack-horse load." Then he came across an account of the new gelatine dry-plate process in the British Journal of Photography of March 1878. He experimented in coating glass plates with the new emulsions, and was soon so successful that he decided to go into commercial manufacture. He devised a machine to simplify the coating of the plates, and travelled to England in July 1879 to patent it. In April 1880 he prepared to begin manufacture in a rented building in Rochester, and contacted the leading American photographic supply house, E. \& H.T.Anthony, offering them an option as agents. A local whip manufacturer, Henry A.Strong, invested $1,000 in the enterprise and the Eastman Dry Plate Company was formed on 1 January 1881. Still working at the Savings Bank, he ran the business in his spare time, and demand grew for the quality product he was producing. The fledgling company survived a near disaster in 1882 when the quality of the emulsions dropped alarmingly. Eastman later discovered this was due to impurities in the gelatine used, and this led him to test all raw materials rigorously for quality. In 1884 the company became a corporation, the Eastman Dry Plate \& Film Company, and a new product was announced. Mindful of his desire to simplify photography, Eastman, with a camera maker, William H.Walker, designed a roll-holder in which the heavy glass plates were replaced by a roll of emulsion-coated paper. The holders were made in sizes suitable for most plate cameras. Eastman designed and patented a coating machine for the large-scale production of the paper film, bringing costs down dramatically, the roll-holders were acclaimed by photographers worldwide, and prizes and medals were awarded, but Eastman was still not satisfied. The next step was to incorporate the roll-holder in a smaller, hand-held camera. His first successful design was launched in June 1888: the Kodak camera. A small box camera, it held enough paper film for 100 circular exposures, and was bought ready-loaded. After the film had been exposed, the camera was returned to Eastman's factory, where the film was removed, processed and printed, and the camera reloaded. This developing and printing service was the most revolutionary part of his invention, since at that time photographers were expected to process their own photographs, which required access to a darkroom and appropriate chemicals. The Kodak camera put photography into the hands of the countless thousands who wanted photographs without complications. Eastman's marketing slogan neatly summed up the advantage: "You Press the Button, We Do the Rest." The Kodak camera was the last product in the design of which Eastman was personally involved. His company was growing rapidly, and he recruited the most talented scientists and technicians available. New products emerged regularly—notably the first commercially produced celluloid roll film for the Kodak cameras in July 1889; this material made possible the introduction of cinematography a few years later. Eastman's philosophy of simplifying photography and reducing its costs continued to influence products: for example, the introduction of the one dollar, or five shilling, Brownie camera in 1900, which put photography in the hands of almost everyone. Over the years the Eastman Kodak Company, as it now was, grew into a giant multinational corporation with manufacturing and marketing organizations throughout the world. Eastman continued to guide the company; he pursued an enlightened policy of employee welfare and profit sharing decades before this was common in industry. He made massive donations to many concerns, notably the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and supported schemes for the education of black people, dental welfare, calendar reform, music and many other causes, he withdrew from the day-to-day control of the company in 1925, and at last had time for recreation. On 14 March 1932, suffering from a painful terminal cancer and after tidying up his affairs, he shot himself through the heart, leaving a note: "To my friends: My work is done. Why wait?" Although Eastman's technical innovations were made mostly at the beginning of his career, the organization which he founded and guided in its formative years was responsible for many of the major advances in photography over the years.

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nome sorveglianza f.

modificatore [team, equipment] di sorveglianza; [ camera] di videosorveglianza

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n. [u]

sorveglianza; vigilanza: under surveillance, sotto sorveglianza

● surveillance camera, telecamera di controllo □ (aeron. mil.) surveillance airplane, aereo spia □ (miss.) surveillance satellite, satellite spia □ under surveillance, sotto sorveglianza; (leg.) in libertà vigilata.

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nome sorveglianza f.

modificatore [team, equipment] di sorveglianza; [ camera] di videosorveglianza

1) Военный термин: Defensive Counter Espionage, Directorate of Communications-Electronics, data conversion equipment, defense combat evaluation, development combat evaluation, disaster control element

2) Техника: data collection equipment, data control equipment, despin control electronics

3) Математика: Don't Care Expression

4) Сокращение: Data Collection Engine

5) Университет: Developer Of Counselor Education

6) Электроника: аппаратура передачи данных (обычно удалённое устройство, например, модем; различается цоколёвкой разъёма - обычно гнездо)

7) Вычислительная техника: CIOP DCE Common Inter-ORB Protocol, (picture publisher) Digital Camera Edition (Micrografx), Distributed Computing Environment (OSF), Data Circuit terminating Equipment (X.25, CCITT, IBM, HP, DEC, Tandem, Sun)

8) Банковское дело: показатель расширения кредитных операций внутри страны (domestic credit expansion)

9) Образование: Distance And Continuing Education

10) Инвестиции: domestic credit expansion

11) Сетевые технологии: data communications equipment, аппаратура передачи данных, оборудование для преобразования данных, оконечное оборудование канала передачи данных, распределённая вычислительная система, распределённая вычислительная среда, среда распределённых вычислений

12) Безопасность: data communication equipment, distributed computer environment

13) Расширение файла: Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment, Distributed Computing Equipment

14) Измерительные приборы: Прямого воздействия на измерительный чип (Direct Chip Exposure)

15) Нефть и газ: distributed computing environment

16) Майкрософт: оборудование передачи данных